Wheat Leaf Rust Disease Caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.

Abstract

One of the biggest obstacles to increasing wheat production and yield is diseases. Diseases not only reduce the amount of product but also negatively affect product quality. Rust diseases in wheat are among the most important biotic stress factors limiting wheat production in our country. In epidemic years, early infections on cereals susceptible varieties can cause yield losses of up to 80-90% and can cause varieties to be completely removed from production. In our country, yield losses caused by different types of rust on wheat plants have been recorded between 12-80%. Product losses vary depending on the sensitivity of varieties, environmental conditions, and the races of the factors, as well as from year to year and from region to region. Leaf rust (Lr) (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) is seen almost everywhere wheat is grown, but the damage it causes is not as noticeable as the damage caused by black and yellow rust. However, these two rust agents are not effective every year and cause serious epidemics every 7-8 years. Leaf rust, on the other hand, occurs almost every year and causes a certain amount of yield loss. The most important method for creating broad-spectrum disease resistance in cereals is the combined use of biotechnology and traditional breeding methods.