The significance of the faba bean dwarfism against the backdrop of climate change

Abstract

Climate change is the term used to describe changes in climate over time. It has become a global problem, which requires urgent intervention. Sudden temperature and precipitation changes cause an increase in diseases and pests seen in agricultural production while decreasing plant yield and quality. Hence, it is inevitable for people to face famine because of declining global agricultural production. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the critical plants to overcome these problems due to its nutritional and environmental aspects. It has rich nutritional value, able to protect soil and the environment. To boost the yield of faba bean, it is important to consider gibberellic acid, a plant hormone that regulates plant growth. In its deficiency, the stem size remains short, causing dwarfism. While the stem size decreases, the number of seeds obtained on a stem increases. Mainly, dwarfism causes an increase in the yield of the plant and harvest index. To increase the yield of the faba bean, it is expected that the plant will be subject to scientific examination in all aspects. However, scientific studies on the dwarf gene have remained limited. Therefore, this review examines the dwarfism of the faba bean in terms of yield and harvest index.